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Rare events
EVENT THAT OCCURS WITH LOW FREQUENCY, OFTEN WITH A WIDESPREAD EFFECT WHICH MIGHT DESTABILIZE SYSTEMS
Rare Events; Extreme Events
Rare or extreme events are events that occur with low frequency, and often refers to infrequent events that have widespread impact and which might destabilize systems (for example, stock markets, ocean wave intensity or optical fibers or society). Rare events encompass natural phenomena (major earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods, asteroid impacts, solar flares, etc.
Rare event sampling
Rare event sampling is an umbrella term for a group of computer simulation methods intended to selectively sample 'special' regions of the dynamic space of systems which are unlikely to visit those special regions through brute-force simulation. A familiar example of a rare event in this context would be nucleation of a raindrop from over-saturated water vapour: although raindrops form every day, relative to the length and time scales defined by the motion of water molecules in the vapour phase, the formation of a liquid droplet is extremely rare.
Extreme value theory
![Extreme value theory is used to model the risk of extreme, rare events, such as the [[1755 Lisbon earthquake]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1755 Lisbon earthquake.jpg?width=200 "Extreme value theory is used to model the risk of extreme, rare events, such as the [[1755 Lisbon earthquake]].")
BRANCH OF STATISTICS FOCUSING ON LARGE DEVIATIONS
Extreme-value theory; Extremal statistics; Extreme value analysis; Rare event; Extreme value statistics
Extreme value theory or extreme value analysis (EVA) is a branch of statistics dealing with the extreme deviations from the median of probability distributions. It seeks to assess, from a given ordered sample of a given random variable, the probability of events that are more extreme than any previously observed.
أمثلة من مجموعة نصية لـ٪ 1
1. A lunch break, especially one together, was a rare event.
2. "Sudden and unexplained respiratory arrest is normally a very rare event indeed.
3. "This is an extremely rare event for this early in the season," Niziol said.
4. "Suspension has been an exceedingly rare event in the history of the United States," Rogers wrote.
5. Qatar, Pakistan and Indonesia have held high–level public meetings with Israel _ a rare event for Muslim countries.